feat: inheritance-aware plot limits / permission ranges

Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Bukkit/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/bukkit/inject/PermissionModule.java

@@ -22,12 +22,20 @@ import com.google.inject.AbstractModule;
 import com.google.inject.Provides;
 import com.google.inject.Singleton;
 import com.plotsquared.bukkit.permissions.BukkitPermissionHandler;
+import com.plotsquared.bukkit.permissions.BukkitRangedPermissionResolver;
+import com.plotsquared.bukkit.permissions.LuckPermsRangedPermissionResolver;
 import com.plotsquared.bukkit.permissions.VaultPermissionHandler;
+import com.plotsquared.core.configuration.Settings;
 import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.PermissionHandler;
+import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.RangedPermissionResolver;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.bukkit.Bukkit;
 
 public class PermissionModule extends AbstractModule {
 
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger("PlotSquared/" + PermissionModule.class.getSimpleName());
+
     @Provides
     @Singleton
     PermissionHandler providePermissionHandler() {
@@ -40,4 +48,18 @@ public class PermissionModule extends AbstractModule {
         return new BukkitPermissionHandler();
     }
 
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    RangedPermissionResolver provideRangedPermissionResolver() {
+        if (Settings.Permissions.USE_LUCKPERMS_RANGE_RESOLVER) {
+            if (Bukkit.getPluginManager().isPluginEnabled("LuckPerms")) {
+                LOGGER.info("Using experimental LuckPerms ranged permission resolver");
+                return new LuckPermsRangedPermissionResolver();
+            }
+            LOGGER.warn("Enabled LuckPerms ranged permission resolver, but LuckPerms is not installed. " +
+                    "Falling back to default Bukkit ranged permission resolver");
+        }
+        return new BukkitRangedPermissionResolver();
+    }
+
 }

Bukkit/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/bukkit/listener/PaperListener.java

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import com.destroystokyo.paper.event.player.PlayerLaunchProjectileEvent;
 import com.destroystokyo.paper.event.server.AsyncTabCompleteEvent;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
 import com.plotsquared.bukkit.util.BukkitUtil;
+import com.plotsquared.core.PlotSquared;
 import com.plotsquared.core.command.Command;
 import com.plotsquared.core.command.MainCommand;
 import com.plotsquared.core.configuration.Settings;
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.Permission;
 import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.Plot;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.PlotArea;
+import com.plotsquared.core.plot.PlotAreaType;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.flag.FlagContainer;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.flag.implementations.BeaconEffectsFlag;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.flag.implementations.DoneFlag;
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ import com.plotsquared.core.plot.flag.types.BooleanFlag;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.world.PlotAreaManager;
 import com.plotsquared.core.util.PlotFlagUtil;
 import io.papermc.paper.event.entity.EntityMoveEvent;
+import io.papermc.paper.event.world.StructuresLocateEvent;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.Tag;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.resolver.TagResolver;
@@ -458,6 +461,21 @@ public class PaperListener implements Listener {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Don't let the server die when populating cartographers (villager offering maps) in classic plot worlds
+     * (as those don't generate POIs)
+     */
+    @EventHandler(ignoreCancelled = true, priority = EventPriority.HIGHEST)
+    public void onStructuresLocate(StructuresLocateEvent event) {
+        if (!PlotSquared.get().getPlotAreaManager().hasPlotArea(event.getWorld().getName())) {
+            return;
+        }
+        final PlotArea area = PlotSquared.get().getPlotAreaManager().getPlotAreaByString(event.getWorld().getName());
+        if (area != null && area.getType() == PlotAreaType.NORMAL) {
+            event.setCancelled(true);
+        }
+    }
+
     private boolean getBooleanFlagValue(
             @NonNull FlagContainer container,
             @NonNull Class<? extends BooleanFlag<?>> flagClass,

Bukkit/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/bukkit/permissions/BukkitRangedPermissionResolver.java

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+ * PlotSquared, a land and world management plugin for Minecraft.
+ * Copyright (C) IntellectualSites <https://intellectualsites.com>
+ * Copyright (C) IntellectualSites team and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package com.plotsquared.bukkit.permissions;
+
+import com.plotsquared.bukkit.player.BukkitPlayer;
+import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.RangedPermissionResolver;
+import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
+import com.plotsquared.core.util.MathMan;
+import org.bukkit.permissions.PermissionAttachmentInfo;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.index.qual.NonNegative;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+public class BukkitRangedPermissionResolver implements RangedPermissionResolver {
+
+    private static boolean CHECK_EFFECTIVE = true;
+
+    @Override
+    public @NonNegative int getPermissionRange(
+            final @NonNull PlotPlayer<?> generic,
+            final @NonNull String stub,
+            final @Nullable String worldContext,
+            @NonNegative final int range
+    ) {
+        if (!(generic instanceof BukkitPlayer player)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("PlotPlayer is not a BukkitPlayer");
+        }
+        if (hasWildcardRange(player, stub, worldContext)) {
+            return INFINITE_RANGE_VALUE;
+        }
+        int max = 0;
+        if (CHECK_EFFECTIVE) {
+            boolean hasAny = false;
+            String stubPlus = stub + ".";
+            final Set<PermissionAttachmentInfo> effective = player.getPlatformPlayer().getEffectivePermissions();
+            if (!effective.isEmpty()) {
+                for (PermissionAttachmentInfo attach : effective) {
+                    // Ignore all "false" permissions
+                    if (!attach.getValue()) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    String permStr = attach.getPermission();
+                    if (permStr.startsWith(stubPlus)) {
+                        hasAny = true;
+                        String end = permStr.substring(stubPlus.length());
+                        if (MathMan.isInteger(end)) {
+                            int val = Integer.parseInt(end);
+                            if (val > range) {
+                                return val;
+                            }
+                            if (val > max) {
+                                max = val;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if (hasAny) {
+                    return max;
+                }
+                // Workaround
+                for (PermissionAttachmentInfo attach : effective) {
+                    String permStr = attach.getPermission();
+                    if (permStr.startsWith("plots.") && !permStr.equals("plots.use")) {
+                        return max;
+                    }
+                }
+                CHECK_EFFECTIVE = false;
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = range; i > 0; i--) {
+            if (player.hasPermission(worldContext, stub + "." + i)) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return max;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public @NonNull IntStream streamFullPermissionRange(
+            final @NonNull PlotPlayer<?> player,
+            final @NonNull String stub,
+            final @Nullable String worldContext,
+            @NonNegative final int range
+    ) {
+        return IntStream.of(getPermissionRange(player, stub, worldContext, range));
+    }
+
+}

Bukkit/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/bukkit/permissions/LuckPermsRangedPermissionResolver.java

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * PlotSquared, a land and world management plugin for Minecraft.
+ * Copyright (C) IntellectualSites <https://intellectualsites.com>
+ * Copyright (C) IntellectualSites team and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package com.plotsquared.bukkit.permissions;
+
+import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.RangedPermissionResolver;
+import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
+import com.plotsquared.core.util.MathMan;
+import net.luckperms.api.LuckPerms;
+import net.luckperms.api.context.ImmutableContextSet;
+import net.luckperms.api.model.user.User;
+import net.luckperms.api.node.NodeType;
+import net.luckperms.api.node.types.PermissionNode;
+import net.luckperms.api.query.QueryOptions;
+import org.bukkit.Bukkit;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.index.qual.NonNegative;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+public class LuckPermsRangedPermissionResolver implements RangedPermissionResolver {
+
+    private final LuckPerms luckPerms;
+
+    public LuckPermsRangedPermissionResolver() {
+        this.luckPerms = Objects.requireNonNull(
+                Bukkit.getServicesManager().getRegistration(LuckPerms.class),
+                "LuckPerms is not available"
+        ).getProvider();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public @NonNegative int getPermissionRange(
+            final @NonNull PlotPlayer<?> player,
+            final @NonNull String stub,
+            final @Nullable String worldContext,
+            final @NonNegative int range
+    ) {
+        // no need to use LuckPerms for basic checks
+        if (this.hasWildcardRange(player, stub, worldContext)) {
+            return INFINITE_RANGE_VALUE;
+        }
+        return this.streamFullPermissionRange(player, stub, worldContext, range)
+                .sorted()
+                .reduce((first, second) -> second)
+                .orElse(0);
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    public IntStream streamFullPermissionRange(
+            final @NonNull PlotPlayer<?> player,
+            final @NonNull String stub,
+            final @Nullable String worldContext,
+            @NonNegative final int range
+    ) {
+        final User user = this.luckPerms.getUserManager().getUser(player.getUUID());
+        if (user == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Luckperms User is null - is the Player online? (UUID: %s)".formatted(player.getUUID()));
+        }
+        final QueryOptions queryOptions = worldContext == null ?
+                QueryOptions.nonContextual() :
+                QueryOptions.contextual(ImmutableContextSet.of("world", worldContext));
+        return user.resolveInheritedNodes(queryOptions).stream()
+                // only support normal permission nodes (regex permission nodes would be a pita to support)
+                .filter(NodeType.PERMISSION::matches)
+                .map(node -> ((PermissionNode) node).getPermission())
+                // check that the node actually has additional data after the stub
+                .filter(permission -> permission.startsWith(stub + "."))
+                // extract the raw data after the stub
+                .map(permission -> permission.substring(stub.length() + 1))
+                // check if data is integer and parse
+                .filter(MathMan::isInteger)
+                .mapToInt(Integer::parseInt)
+                // only use values that are positive
+                .filter(value -> value > -1);
+    }
+
+}

Bukkit/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/bukkit/player/BukkitPlayer.java

@@ -24,14 +24,12 @@ import com.plotsquared.core.PlotSquared;
 import com.plotsquared.core.configuration.Settings;
 import com.plotsquared.core.events.TeleportCause;
 import com.plotsquared.core.location.Location;
-import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.Permission;
 import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.PermissionHandler;
 import com.plotsquared.core.player.ConsolePlayer;
 import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.PlotWeather;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.world.PlotAreaManager;
 import com.plotsquared.core.util.EventDispatcher;
-import com.plotsquared.core.util.MathMan;
 import com.plotsquared.core.util.WorldUtil;
 import com.sk89q.worldedit.bukkit.BukkitAdapter;
 import com.sk89q.worldedit.extension.platform.Actor;
@@ -47,13 +45,11 @@ import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
 import org.bukkit.event.Event;
 import org.bukkit.event.EventException;
 import org.bukkit.event.player.PlayerTeleportEvent;
-import org.bukkit.permissions.PermissionAttachmentInfo;
 import org.bukkit.plugin.RegisteredListener;
 import org.bukkit.potion.PotionEffectType;
 import org.checkerframework.checker.index.qual.NonNegative;
 import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
 
-import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
 import static com.sk89q.worldedit.world.gamemode.GameModes.ADVENTURE;
@@ -150,77 +146,13 @@ public class BukkitPlayer extends PlotPlayer<Player> {
         }
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("StringSplitter")
     @Override
     @NonNegative
     public int hasPermissionRange(
             final @NonNull String stub,
             @NonNegative final int range
     ) {
-        if (hasPermission(Permission.PERMISSION_ADMIN.toString())) {
+        return PlotSquared.platform().rangedPermissionResolver().getPermissionRange(this, stub, null, range);
-            return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
-        }
-        final String[] nodes = stub.split("\\.");
-        final StringBuilder n = new StringBuilder();
-        // Wildcard check from less specific permission to more specific permission
-        for (int i = 0; i < (nodes.length - 1); i++) {
-            n.append(nodes[i]).append(".");
-            if (!stub.equals(n + Permission.PERMISSION_STAR.toString())) {
-                if (hasPermission(n + Permission.PERMISSION_STAR.toString())) {
-                    return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        // Wildcard check for the full permission
-        if (hasPermission(stub + ".*")) {
-            return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
-        }
-        // Permission value cache for iterative check
-        int max = 0;
-        if (CHECK_EFFECTIVE) {
-            boolean hasAny = false;
-            String stubPlus = stub + ".";
-            final Set<PermissionAttachmentInfo> effective = player.getEffectivePermissions();
-            if (!effective.isEmpty()) {
-                for (PermissionAttachmentInfo attach : effective) {
-                    // Ignore all "false" permissions
-                    if (!attach.getValue()) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    String permStr = attach.getPermission();
-                    if (permStr.startsWith(stubPlus)) {
-                        hasAny = true;
-                        String end = permStr.substring(stubPlus.length());
-                        if (MathMan.isInteger(end)) {
-                            int val = Integer.parseInt(end);
-                            if (val > range) {
-                                return val;
-                            }
-                            if (val > max) {
-                                max = val;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                if (hasAny) {
-                    return max;
-                }
-                // Workaround
-                for (PermissionAttachmentInfo attach : effective) {
-                    String permStr = attach.getPermission();
-                    if (permStr.startsWith("plots.") && !permStr.equals("plots.use")) {
-                        return max;
-                    }
-                }
-                CHECK_EFFECTIVE = false;
-            }
-        }
-        for (int i = range; i > 0; i--) {
-            if (hasPermission(stub + "." + i)) {
-                return i;
-            }
-        }
-        return max;
     }
 
     @Override

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/PlotPlatform.java

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import com.plotsquared.core.generator.IndependentPlotGenerator;
 import com.plotsquared.core.inject.annotations.DefaultGenerator;
 import com.plotsquared.core.location.World;
 import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.PermissionHandler;
+import com.plotsquared.core.permissions.RangedPermissionResolver;
 import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.expiration.ExpireManager;
 import com.plotsquared.core.plot.world.PlotAreaManager;
@@ -349,6 +350,10 @@ public interface PlotPlatform<P> extends LocaleHolder {
         return injector().getInstance(PermissionHandler.class);
     }
 
+    default @NonNull RangedPermissionResolver rangedPermissionResolver() {
+        return injector().getInstance(RangedPermissionResolver.class);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get the {@link ServicePipeline} implementation
      *

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/command/CommandCategory.java

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import com.plotsquared.core.configuration.caption.TranslatableCaption;
 import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.MiniMessage;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.resolver.TagResolver;
 import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
@@ -98,6 +99,14 @@ public enum CommandCategory implements Caption {
         return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(getComponent(localeHolder));
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public @NonNull Component toComponent(
+            @NonNull final LocaleHolder localeHolder,
+            final @NonNull TagResolver @NonNull ... tagResolvers
+    ) {
+        return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(getComponent(localeHolder));
+    }
+
     /**
      * Checks if a player has access to this command category
      *

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/command/Help.java

@@ -113,38 +113,34 @@ public class Help extends Command {
             }
             if (cat == null && page == 0) {
                 TextComponent.Builder builder = Component.text();
-                builder.append(MINI_MESSAGE.deserialize(TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_header").getComponent(player)));
+                builder.append(TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_header").toComponent(player));
                 for (CommandCategory c : CommandCategory.values()) {
                     if (!c.canAccess(player)) {
                         continue;
                     }
-                    builder.append(Component.newline()).append(MINI_MESSAGE
+                    builder.append(Component.newline());
-                            .deserialize(
+                    builder.append(TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_info_item").toComponent(
-                                    TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_info_item").getComponent(player),
+                            player, TagResolver.builder()
-                                    TagResolver.builder()
+                                    .tag("command", Tag.inserting(Component.text("/plot help")))
-                                            .tag("command", Tag.inserting(Component.text("/plot help")))
+                                    .tag("category", Tag.inserting(Component.text(c.name().toLowerCase())))
-                                            .tag("category", Tag.inserting(Component.text(c.name().toLowerCase())))
+                                    .tag("category_desc", Tag.inserting(c.toComponent(player)))
-                                            .tag("category_desc", Tag.inserting(c.toComponent(player)))
+                                    .build()
-                                            .build()
+                    ));
-                            ));
                 }
-                builder.append(Component.newline()).append(MINI_MESSAGE
+                builder.append(Component.newline());
-                        .deserialize(
+                builder.append(TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_info_item").toComponent(
-                                TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_info_item").getComponent(player),
+                        player, TagResolver.builder()
-                                TagResolver.builder()
+                                .tag("command", Tag.inserting(Component.text("/plot help")))
-                                        .tag("command", Tag.inserting(Component.text("/plot help")))
+                                .tag("category", Tag.inserting(Component.text("all")))
-                                        .tag("category", Tag.inserting(Component.text("all")))
+                                .tag(
-                                        .tag(
+                                        "category_desc", Tag.inserting(TranslatableCaption
-                                                "category_desc",
+                                                .of("help.help_display_all_commands")
-                                                Tag.inserting(TranslatableCaption
+                                                .toComponent(player))
-                                                        .of("help.help_display_all_commands")
+                                )
-                                                        .toComponent(player))
+                                .build()
-                                        )
+                ));
-                                        .build()
+                builder.append(Component.newline());
-                        ));
+                builder.append(TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_footer").toComponent(player));
-                builder.append(Component.newline()).append(MINI_MESSAGE.deserialize(TranslatableCaption
-                        .of("help.help_footer")
-                        .getComponent(player)));
                 player.sendMessage(StaticCaption.of(MINI_MESSAGE.serialize(builder.asComponent())));
                 return true;
             }

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/configuration/Settings.java

@@ -525,8 +525,8 @@ public class Settings extends Config {
     public static final class Limit {
 
         @Comment("Should the limit be global (over multiple worlds)")
-        public static boolean GLOBAL =
+        public static boolean GLOBAL = false;
-                false;
+
         @Comment({"The max range of integer permissions to check for, e.g. 'plots.plot.127' or 'plots.set.flag.mob-cap.127'",
                 "The value covers the permission range to check, you need to assign the permission to players/groups still",
                 "Modifying the value does NOT change the amount of plots players can claim"})
@@ -737,6 +737,7 @@ public class Settings extends Config {
 
         @Comment("If \"instabreak\" should consider the used tool.")
         public static boolean INSTABREAK_CONSIDER_TOOL = false;
+
     }
 
     @Comment({"Enable or disable parts of the plugin",
@@ -830,4 +831,17 @@ public class Settings extends Config {
 
     }
 
+    @Comment({"Permission-Resolver specific settings"})
+    public static final class Permissions {
+
+        @Comment({
+                "use the new LuckPerms resolver for ranged permissions (e.g., plots.plot.<number>).",
+                "in contrary to the default resolver, this resolver can handle inheritance of permissions.",
+                "e.g. if the player has multiple matching permissions, for example, due to multiple group memberships " +
+                        "(plots.plot.5 & plots.plot.15), this resolver would use 15 as the limit as opposed to the previous 5."
+        })
+        public static boolean USE_LUCKPERMS_RANGE_RESOLVER = false;
+
+    }
+
 }

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/configuration/caption/Caption.java

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ package com.plotsquared.core.configuration.caption;
 
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.ComponentLike;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.resolver.TagResolver;
 import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
 
 /**
@@ -44,6 +45,16 @@ public interface Caption {
      */
     @NonNull Component toComponent(@NonNull LocaleHolder localeHolder);
 
+    /**
+     * Get the Adventure {@link ComponentLike} for this caption while applying custom {@link TagResolver}
+     * (apart from the default {@code core.prefix})
+     * @param localeHolder Local holder
+     * @param tagResolvers custom tag resolvers to replace placeholders / parameters
+     * @return {@link ComponentLike}
+     * @since TODO
+     */
+    @NonNull Component toComponent(@NonNull LocaleHolder localeHolder, @NonNull TagResolver @NonNull... tagResolvers);
+
     @NonNull String toString();
 
 }

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/configuration/caption/StaticCaption.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ package com.plotsquared.core.configuration.caption;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.MiniMessage;
+import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.resolver.TagResolver;
 import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
 
 public final class StaticCaption implements Caption {
@@ -51,6 +52,14 @@ public final class StaticCaption implements Caption {
         return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(this.value);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public @NonNull Component toComponent(
+            @NonNull final LocaleHolder localeHolder,
+            final @NonNull TagResolver @NonNull ... tagResolvers
+    ) {
+        return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(this.value, tagResolvers);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public @NonNull String toString() {
         return "StaticCaption(" + value + ")";

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/configuration/caption/TranslatableCaption.java

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.resolver.TagResolver;
 import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
@@ -96,13 +97,23 @@ public final class TranslatableCaption implements NamespacedCaption {
 
     @Override
     public @NonNull Component toComponent(@NonNull final LocaleHolder localeHolder) {
+        return this.toComponent(localeHolder, new TagResolver[0]);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public @NonNull Component toComponent(
+            @NonNull final LocaleHolder localeHolder,
+            final @NonNull TagResolver @NonNull ... tagResolvers
+    ) {
         if (getKey().equals("core.prefix")) {
             return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(getComponent(localeHolder));
         }
-        return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(getComponent(localeHolder), TagResolver.resolver(
+        TagResolver[] finalResolvers = Arrays.copyOf(tagResolvers, tagResolvers.length + 1);
+        finalResolvers[finalResolvers.length - 1] = TagResolver.resolver(
                 "prefix",
                 Tag.inserting(TranslatableCaption.of("core.prefix").toComponent(localeHolder))
-        ));
+        );
+        return MiniMessage.miniMessage().deserialize(getComponent(localeHolder), finalResolvers);
     }
 
     @Override

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/permissions/RangedPermissionResolver.java

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * PlotSquared, a land and world management plugin for Minecraft.
+ * Copyright (C) IntellectualSites <https://intellectualsites.com>
+ * Copyright (C) IntellectualSites team and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package com.plotsquared.core.permissions;
+
+import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.index.qual.NonNegative;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.NonNull;
+import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a resolver for ranged permissions. Return values depend on the actual implementation (see Bukkit module).
+ * <br>
+ * Even though this interface is not linked to platform implementations by design, implementation-specific details are added to
+ * the Javadocs.
+ *
+ * @since TODO
+ */
+public interface RangedPermissionResolver {
+
+    int INFINITE_RANGE_VALUE = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the applicable range value of a player for a specific permission stub
+     * ({@code plots.plot} would check for {@code plots.plot.<numeric>}).
+     * <br>
+     * The standard bukkit implementation would return the lowest numeric value, while the LuckPerms specific resolver would
+     * try returning the highest possible value.
+     *
+     * @param player       the permission holder
+     * @param stub         the permission stub to check against
+     * @param worldContext the optional world context of the action requiring the range
+     * @param range        the maximum permission range to check against (for the default bukkit resolver)
+     * @return the applicable range value of the player for the given permission stub
+     * @since TODO
+     */
+    @NonNegative
+    int getPermissionRange(
+            final @NonNull PlotPlayer<?> player,
+            final @NonNull String stub,
+            final @Nullable String worldContext,
+            final @NonNegative int range
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a stream of all applicable permission range values for the given stub. The stream is unordered by default. If a
+     * specific order is needed, use the stateful {@link IntStream#sorted()} operation.
+     * <br>
+     * The standard bukkit implementation will only return a stream containing a single value equal to
+     * {@link #getPermissionRange(PlotPlayer, String, String, int)}. For LuckPerms, all applicable node values will be in the
+     * stream.
+     *
+     * @param player       the permission holder
+     * @param stub         the permission stub to check against
+     * @param worldContext the optional world context of the action requiring the range
+     * @param range        the maximum permission range to check against (for the default bukkit resolver)
+     * @return a stream of all applicable permission range values for the given stub
+     * @since TODO
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    IntStream streamFullPermissionRange(
+            final @NonNull PlotPlayer<?> player,
+            final @NonNull String stub,
+            final @Nullable String worldContext,
+            final @NonNegative int range
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the given player has a wildcard range for the given permission stub.
+     * <br>
+     * For example, if checking for the stub {@code plots.plot}, this method would check for:
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>{@code *}</li>
+     *     <li>{@code plots.admin}</li>
+     *     <li>{@code plots.plot.*}</li>
+     *     <li>{@code plots.*}</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param player       the permission holder
+     * @param stub         the permission stub to check against
+     * @param worldContext the optional world context of the action requiring the range
+     * @return {@code true} if the player has a wildcard range for the given permission stub, else {@code false}
+     * @since TODO
+     */
+    default boolean hasWildcardRange(
+            final @NonNull PlotPlayer<?> player,
+            final @NonNull String stub,
+            final @Nullable String worldContext
+    ) {
+        if (player.hasPermission(Permission.PERMISSION_STAR) ||
+                player.hasPermission(Permission.PERMISSION_ADMIN) ||
+                player.hasPermission(worldContext, stub + ".*")) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String node = stub;
+        while (true) {
+            int lastIndex = node.lastIndexOf('.');
+            if (lastIndex == -1) {
+                break;
+            }
+            node = node.substring(0, lastIndex);
+            if (player.hasPermission(worldContext, node + ".*")) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+}

Core/src/main/java/com/plotsquared/core/util/helpmenu/HelpObject.java

@@ -25,30 +25,24 @@ import com.plotsquared.core.player.PlotPlayer;
 import com.plotsquared.core.util.StringMan;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.Component;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.ComponentLike;
-import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.MiniMessage;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.Tag;
 import net.kyori.adventure.text.minimessage.tag.resolver.TagResolver;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
 public class HelpObject implements ComponentLike {
 
-    static final MiniMessage MINI_MESSAGE = MiniMessage.miniMessage();
-
     private final Component rendered;
 
     public HelpObject(final Command command, final String label, final PlotPlayer<?> audience) {
-        rendered = MINI_MESSAGE.deserialize(
+        this.rendered = TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_item").toComponent(audience, TagResolver.builder()
-                TranslatableCaption.of("help.help_item").getComponent(audience),
+                .tag("usage", Tag.inserting(Component.text(command.getUsage().replace("{label}", label))))
-                TagResolver.builder()
+                .tag("alias", Tag.inserting(Component.text(
-                        .tag("usage", Tag.inserting(Component.text(command.getUsage().replace("{label}", label))))
+                        command.getAliases().isEmpty() ? "" : StringMan.join(command.getAliases(), " | ")
-                        .tag("alias", Tag.inserting(Component.text(
+                )))
-                                command.getAliases().isEmpty() ? "" : StringMan.join(command.getAliases(), " | ")
+                .tag("desc", Tag.inserting(command.getDescription().toComponent(audience)))
-                        )))
+                .tag("arguments", Tag.inserting(Component.text(buildArgumentList(command.getRequiredArguments()))))
-                        .tag("desc", Tag.inserting(command.getDescription().toComponent(audience)))
+                .tag("label", Tag.inserting(Component.text(label)))
-                        .tag("arguments", Tag.inserting(Component.text(buildArgumentList(command.getRequiredArguments()))))
+                .build());
-                        .tag("label", Tag.inserting(Component.text(label)))
-                        .build()
-        );
     }
 
     private String buildArgumentList(final Argument<?>[] arguments) {

build.gradle.kts

@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ subprojects {
 
     dependencies {
         // Tests
-        testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.12.2")
+        testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.13.0")
-        testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher:1.12.2")
+        testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher:1.13.0")
     }
 
     plugins.withId("java") {

gradle/libs.versions.toml

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ log4j = "2.19.0"
 worldedit = "7.2.20"
 fawe = "2.13.0"
 placeholderapi = "2.11.6"
-luckperms = "5.4"
+luckperms = "5.5"
-essentialsx = "2.21.0"
+essentialsx = "2.21.1"
 mvdwapi = "3.1.1"
 
 # Third party
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ serverlib = "2.3.7"
 # Gradle plugins
 shadow = "8.3.6"
 grgit = "4.1.1"
-spotless = "7.0.3"
+spotless = "7.0.4"
 publish = "0.32.0"
 runPaper = "2.3.1"
 

gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.14-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.14.1-bin.zip
 networkTimeout=10000
 validateDistributionUrl=true
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME